ブックタイトル「煉瓦造建造物の保存と修復」英語版

概要

「煉瓦造建造物の保存と修復」英語版

4. Measures that can be taken asa part of building management4-1. IntroductionTreatments for issues observed in Sections 2 and 3 areas follows. They are all applicable under regular buildingmaintenance.4-2. Prevention of rainwater infiltrationThe major cause of brickwork deterioration is waterinfiltration into the brick and joint. There are three routesfrom which water can enter: from the roof, from the wall,or absorption from the ground. Regarding water absorptionfrom the ground, as this requires large-scale environmentalimprovement work, it will be dealt with in Section 5. Inthis section, maintenance of rain gutters around the roofand walls as issues regarding rainwater drainage will beexplained.? Maintenance of rain gutters on wallsThere are cases where wood blocks are inserted intoexterior walls for attaching rain gutters onto buildings (photo4-2). When water enters these wood blocks, it will then seepinto the inner bricks and possibly cause salt damage on wallsurfaces close to the rain gutters.Also, if a synthetic resin-based adhesive is used, expansionand contraction due to ultraviolet rays or heat can createcracks and gaps, from which water can enter. Therefore, itis necessary to regularly check the condition of these woodblocks and adhesives. If rapid deterioration is observed, thecontinued use of wood blocks may have to be reconsidered.? Water entering from the roofPhoto 4-1 shows a partially fallen rain gutter whererainwater is not properly collected and is flowing down thewall surface. This will result in rainwater entering into thewall, inducing salt damage on the interior and exterior walls,with powdering and spalling appearing on the wall surface.photo 4-2 Water infiltration from the wood block which attaches rain guttersonto the building? Maintenance of rainwater drainageConcerning rainwater drainage, careful planning in thelocation of facilities and routes is a key factor.In photo 4-3, the downpipe ends at a level close to theground from where water pours straight down. It can beseen that water splashing back from the ground has causedsoiling and deterioration of the wall.Therefore, it is suggested to place the downspout so thatwater is made to flow away from the wall.photo 4-1Water infiltration from the roof? Maintenance of rain gutters around the roofIt is essential that rain gutters are well taken care ofas a building maintenance routine. From the presence ofherbaceous plants that can be seen in photo 4-1, it canbe suspected that there is sufficient soil in and around thegutters for vegetation to grown on. There are trees higherthan the roof from which leaves fall and collect in thegutters, weighing down the gutters as they absorb water.These leaves then seem to have provided nutrition to theherbaceous plants.Therefore, the surrounding environment of buildingsneeds to be taken care of through felling of trees or regularbranching.photo 4-3 Rainwater drainage with rain gutter4-3. Preventive Measures for Biological Deterioration? Removal of and lichen and algaeLichen and algae can thrive in environments whereherbaceous plants cannot grow (photo 4-4).Lichen and algae grow mostly in the brick joints and soilthe walls. If biological transitions to moss and herbaceousplants which may lead to cracks in brick walls cannot beseen, observation should be continued. If they start to92Chapter 6A Collection of Case Studies of Preservation and Restoration of Brick Masonry Structures