ブックタイトル「煉瓦造建造物の保存と修復」英語版

概要

「煉瓦造建造物の保存と修復」英語版

easy to present data as requirements. Under the presentbuilding code, it says that you can intervene in making anexisting building as safe as a newly constructed building,which is called retrofitting. However, if you are to intervene,you have to improve. Therefore, you will need to calculatethe state of safety before and after intervention, to provethat a higher safety level has been achieved. And in thecalculations for defining safety, you also have to makequalitative judgments. For this procedure, we do not rely onmodels.Eisuke NishikawaI would like to ask you how anti-seismic measures arepresently being undertaken in Italy. In the past, I visitedthe city of Ferrara where there was an earthquake in 2012and there were many cases of structural reinforcementintroduced at the time of restoration. In Italy, is it customaryto install structural reinforcement at the same time asrecovery after earthquakes, or is there a policy to prioritizeanti-seismic measures in places with higher earthquakecoefficients?Claudio ModenaCompared with the condition after the Ferrara Earthquake,there are more activities related to anti-seismic measuresafter the recent earthquake. Following the FerraraEarthquake, I feel that there were no problems in followingthe extant codes. In Ferrara, as can be said of the entireregion of Emilia, I believe that the largest issue of the mostconcern after the earthquake was damage to buildings ofindustrial use.The recent earthquake that hit central Italy generateda large discussion than ever before, with many proposalsmade. However, regarding related laws, at the moment, therehas not been anything new. The code was revised over thepast several years, which reflects the different approachesthat have been explained. The issue here is to understandwhat the largest danger is. For example, within the countryof Italy, there have been important proposals made forrevising the hazard map.In the extreme risk committee of the Istituto NazionaleGeofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), the national institute forseismology, reports have been made on studies to reviseseismic hazards in which there were a lot of problems.The recent earthquake has brought attention to the actualreliability of the seismic hazard maps.My personal opinion, as I have spoken out in thiscommittee, is that however the present seismic hazard mapis revised, because historic structures have a durability ofresistance against earthquakes in the order of around 0.3～0.4 on the average, it is more important to continue revisingthese the seismic maps. However, the seismic maps willprobably be revised in the next few months.The major issue here is seismic risk and vulnerability. So,what we are discussing in this committee is to decide onhow reconstruction should be undertaken. One issue thatis a new approach for our country involves the possibilityto not rebuild in the same location, but to move the entirecommunity to a different place. This is the first time in Italywe need to consider what will be very important in thisprocess from the historical point of view.It is very funny how we have the same three or fourpeople in the committee for reconstruction as well as inthe committee of the ministry that is of the public forcefor setting rules for classifying the seismic risk of everysingle building. So, there is actually a lot of activity goingon regarding the management of seismic resistance,including the topics of not only what should be done afteran earthquake, but also what needs to be done as preventivemeasures.In Italy, in the last forty years, there have been earthquakesthat caused building collapse and casualties averaging everyfive to six years. For the first time, after having experiencedsuch disasters, people are starting to realize that somethingneeds to be done to bring about change in the way weconsider earthquakes as a people.Generally, it is a large problem to determine the approachfor rebuilding. For the first time, the Ministry of CulturalHeritage prepared a set of guidelines for dealing withruins. These ruins were categorized into three accordingto importance. The most significant building memberswere selected for future reuse in reconstruction. Otherunnecessary building ruins were disposed of and they couldbe used for restoration of different buildings.As has been mentioned earlier, churches became a majorproblem at times of earthquakes. For example in the town ofNorcia, damage to ordinary buildings was minor and peopleare returning to the town. However, almost all churchescollapsed, and we are now focusing on the problem ofchurches. Churches are not only religious properties, but aresymbols of history. Additionally, reconstruction of the citycenter that had practically been completely destructed isnow a major task. If all of you here today were to take partin the meeting to be held in Rome, perhaps you would beable to participate in the discussions to be held on how thisreconstruction should be approached.77