ブックタイトル「煉瓦造建造物の保存と修復」英語版

概要

「煉瓦造建造物の保存と修復」英語版

Criteria and Techniques for Repairing and StrengtheningArchitectural Heritage: Research and ApplicationClaudio ModenaProfessor, University of PadovaThe History of Anti-Seismic Measures in ItalyThank your for your invitation to Japan and for providingthis chance for us to study together the difficult problemof preservation and anti-seismic protection of historicstructures.My lecture today is titled“Standards and Techniques forRestoration and Reinforcement of Architectural Heritage.”Iwould like to focus on the topic of how in Italy the problemis being solved regarding restoration of damaged buildingsand assuring safety while trying to maintain as muchas possible the value of historic buildings. Particularlywith preservation of historic structures, it is important tomaintain their functions, in other words their use, but at thesame time, structural safety needs to be assured. In the past,there were times when these two aspects would conflict. Byintervening to increase safety of a building, there may besome things that are lost. Therefore, we need to think aboutthe conflicts and complementarities that may arise whendealing with restoration of historic structures.In Italy, the present approaches and preventive measuresundertaken by the Ministry of Public Works, which hasjurisdiction over the building code, and the Ministry ofCultural Heritage, in charge of preservation of culturalproperties, are based on experience gained throughrestoration and studies made after having had buildingsdamaged by numerous earthquakes.In Italy, the 1976 Friuli Earthquake became a greatturning point for anti-seismic protection after which variousattempts started to be made. They were basically basedon general construction methods and repair methods forhistoric structures, while interventions were made on culturalproperties treating them in the same way as contemporaryreinforced concrete construction.However, this ended up to be a big mistake, becausehistoric structures were then reinforced without sufficientunderstanding of their structural weaknesses. I would liketo present some slides of earthquake damage from 2016 incentral Italy (slide 1). Very many buildings collapsed in thisdisaster.Earthquake Damage to Stone Masonry Structures(slide 2) On the left is damage due to the recent earthquakeand on the right is that from 2009. The type of damage isvery similar. It was the lack of understanding of masonrytechniques widely used in historic structures in Italy thatbecame the major cause of such damage. Particularly inthe mountainous areas, where intervention was made tostrengthen stone masonry buildings originally built usingcomparatively weak joints, many buildings were damaged.This intervention resulted in not improving but worseningthe buildings’conditions.(slide 3) In the building in the right photo, structuresImpact of Previous Interventionsand Local VulnerabilitiesPOST SEISMIC SCENERYAmatrice (RI)Prof. Eng. Claudio ModenaVulnerabilities and learningsSM IngegneriaCENTRAL ITALY EARTHQUAKEImpact of Previous Interventionsand Local VulnerabilitiesProf. Eng. Claudio ModenaVulnerabilities and learningsPescara del Tronto (AP), 2016 Prefettura, L’Aquila (2009)SM IngegneriaAccumoli (RI)slide 1slide 247