ブックタイトル「煉瓦造建造物の保存と修復」英語版

概要

「煉瓦造建造物の保存と修復」英語版

The header courses of all seven buildings are composed ofheader bricks only, so it is easy to compare their data. ChofuBranch Office 6 has the most number of bricks with 54and 3 Himejima with the least of 50. The fact that differentnumbers of bricks were used to construct walls of the samelength means that there was a difference in the width ofpointing or size of bricks. Chart 2 is a list of brick size in sunand mm, from which it is clear that there were differences inbrick size.As has already been explained, the standard size ofbricks in the late Meiji era was 7.5 sun×3.6 sun×2sun . However, it seems likely that among smaller localbrick manufacturers, bricks of various measurements wereproduced.Charts 3 and 4 show the different sizes of bricks employedin the gable wall at each of the branch offices. It becameclear that in the same structure, there were times whenbricks of different sizes from the longer wall were used inthe gable wall.In the case of the Temporary Buildings Division of theMinistry of Finance, the reason brick laying methodswere differentiated from site to site while constructingbrick masonry structures of the same function, samescale, and same form was that, as the author believes,wall measurements were decided upon based on themeasurement of bricks readily available in each localityfrom the point of view of economical efficiency. In otherwords, rather than regulating the brick measurement inthe specifications, which would require costly delivery ofbricks from a place faraway, provisions were made to enableworkers at the construction site to derive ways to build usinglower-priced locally available bricks. In the specificationsfor brickwork of the Temporary Buildings Division of theMinistry of Finance, the author has confirmed throughresearch that there were no regulations regarding brick size.The efforts made at each of the construction sites torealize such work during the process of production designcome to mind when we learn of the details of completedmasonry structures.5. ConclusionTechniques used in brick masonry appear not only inthe brickwork pattern seen on the wall surface, but also inhow bricks are placed inside the walls. However, in brickmasonry structures in Japan, which display the brickworkpattern instead of hiding it, brick laying techniques probablyfocused much on the appearance of the finished surface.In the case of the Former Brewery Institute’s SakeFactory, the brick masonry construction itself was executedmechanically as a fairly simple procedure, but it must haveinvolved much planning during the process of design andproduction. On the other hand, at Former Shinko WharfRed Brick Warehouse, the laying of each brick duringconstruction must have required much creativity andingenuity on the part of the workers. Also, in the book vaultsof the former Salt Offices, we learn of the efforts made foreconomical construction using locally available bricks.As has been explained throughout this paper, the value ofbrick masonry lies in the fact that each of the bricks remainsin its original position. Therefore, in repairing and restoringbrick masonry structures, technology for enabling work“withthe least re-laying of bricks”and“careful replacement ofbricks”is a requisite.Footnotes1. Standards for nationally Registered Cultural Properties: Properties that 1 contribute to the nation’s historic landscape, 2 provide a model forstructural forms, and 3 are difficult to replicate2. The Buildings Department of the Ministry of Finance is a division in charge of construction represented by Building Administration Bureau andincludes Temporary Architecture Division of the Tobacco Leaf Manufacturing Preparation Bureau, Temporary Construction Division of the CustomsHouse, and Temporary Architecture Division.3.長谷川直司、馬場明生、守明子(2003)「旧醸造試験所酒類醸造工場の図面書入れ寸法と煉瓦モデュール」『日本建築学会計画計論文集』Vol.68,No.574, pp.193-199.4.東京大学生産技術研究所村松研究室（村松貞次郎、藤森照信、堀勇良、堀江章彦、時野谷茂、松鵜秀也）(1978)『新港埠頭上屋調査報告書』大高建築設計事務所.19