ブックタイトル「煉瓦造建造物の保存と修復」英語版

概要

「煉瓦造建造物の保存と修復」英語版

architectural design and construction management, was theBuildings Section of the Temporary Tobacco ManufacturingPreparation Division in the Ministry of Finance. It was theTemporary Buildings Division, Ministry of Finance that laterhandled the work.In those days, salt manufacturing was a flourishingindustry. From Sendai in the north to Kagoshima in thesouth, national Salt Offices were established where woodframeWestern-style office buildings together with subsidiarylibrary structures were built. For these libraries to be fireproof,brick masonry was adopted. According to annualreports published by the Temporary Buildings Division of theMinistry of Finance, there were as many as 72 brick librarystructures built between the years of 1905 to 1907 (Meiji38 to Meiji 40). The author executed on-site surveys on nineof these structures; the existence of the other 63 structureshas not been confirmed.The nine extant structures are located in the prefecturesof Hyogo, Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Ehime, Oita,Fukuoka, and Nagasaki of which only the building of theformer Ako Salt Offices in Hyogo Prefecture is two-stories.The rest are all one-story brick masonry structures. Ascan be seen in figure 13, because the roof slope, style ofopening, and use of stone material is the same, a standardspecification seems to have been applied in the designprocess. Wall thickness of the gable end is two brick length,and other walls are one-and-a-half bricks. In the Ministryof Finance’s Temporary Buildings Division annual report,a standard design for a Western-style wood-frame officeas well as different specification to be applied accordingto the order of the salt office are provided. However, thereare no drawings shown for the brick masonry book vaultstructures. It is likely that libraries, too, were differentiatedby importance of the office or the required building scale(single-story or two-storied, and difference in floor area).Among the eight buildings, the book vault of HakataBranch Office 4 is a bit larger than the others, of 2.5 ken(4.5m) span by 4 ken (7.2m) length with a floor area of 10tsubo (32.4 sqm). Rest of the seven vaults of other offices is2.5 ken by 3 ken , with a floor area of 7.5 tsubo (24.3 sqm).The scale of the structure is determined by the centerlineplaced at the center of the wall.Although there are differences in where the openings are,the seven vaults are of the same scale and building style.Chart 1 shows the placement of bricks on the longer wall asa schematic. For example, the description for Chofu BranchOffice 6 can be read as follows: in the stretcher course,only one brick of“75 brick”(standard bricks cut to a lengthof 75%) is placed on the left end (facing the wall) whichis followed by 10 stretcher bricks, one header brick, 14stretcher bricks, then another“75 brick”at the right end.Bs：Stretcher brick, Bh：Header brick , B 75：75 brickstretcher courseheader course1 TsuyazakiB 75 +24Bs+B 7551Bh2 KomatsushisaB 75 +24Bs+B 7551Bh3 HimejimaB 75 +12Bs+Bh+11Bs+B 7550Bh5 HaikiB 75 +24Bs+B 7551Bh6 ChofuB 75 +10Bs+Bh+14Bs+B 7552Bh7 AioB 75 +11Bs+Bh+12Bs+B 7550Bh8 YamadaB 75 +11Bs+Bh+12Bs+B 7550Bhstretcher courseheader course1 Tsuyazaki2Bh+10Bs+Bh+9Bs+2BhB 75 +40Bs+B 752 KomatsushisaB 75 +20Bs+B 7543Bh3 Himejima2Bh+9Bs+Bh+9Bs+2BhB 75 +38Bs+B 755 HaikiB 75 +20Bs+B 7543Bh6 ChofuB 75 +20Bs+B 7543Bh7 Aio2Bh+19Bs+2BhB 75 +39Bs+B 758 YamadaB 75 +10Bs+Bh+9Bs+B 7542Bhchart 1Placement of bricks in longitudinal wallschart 3Placement of bricks in gable wallsbrick size（sun）brick size（mm）1 Tsuyazaki7.35×3.5×1.95223×106×592 Komatsushisa7.35×3.55×2.0223×106×613 Himejima7.5×3.6×1.95227×109×595 Haiki7.4×3.6×2.0226×109×616 Chofu7.25×3.5×1.95220×106×597 Aio7.5×3.6×2.0227×109×618 Yamada7.5×3.55×1.9227×106×58brick size（sun）brick size（mm）1 Tsuyazaki7.25×3.5×1.95220×106×592 Komatsushisa7.25×3.5×2.0220×106×613 Himejima7.5×3.6×1.95227×109×595 Haiki7.4×3.6×2.0226×109×616 Chofu7.25×3.5×1.95220×106×597 Aio7.45×3.6×2.0226×109×618 Yamada7.35×3.55×1.9223×106×58chart 2Brick sizes in longitudinal wallschart 4Brick sizes in gable walls18Chapter 2Brick Masonry Construction: Techniques and Significance