ブックタイトル「煉瓦造建造物の保存と修復」英語版

概要

「煉瓦造建造物の保存と修復」英語版

7.5sun (≒227mm)3.6sun (≒109mm)3.6sun (≒109mm)7.5sun (≒227mm)7.8sun (≒236mm)3.9sun (≒118mm)figure 3Size of Tokyo-Style brickfigure 4Brick modulearchitectural drawing is extraordinary. Such odd numbersmake us think that they may have been derived fromconverting original measurements set in Western systemsusing meters or feet. However, research by the author fn 3 hasconfirmed that this was not so, but was a result of combiningmeasurements of brick units and pointing. In fact, there isanother meaning in毛mo , which will be dealt with later.Measurements of the actual building confirmed that theconstruction was accurately executed following the figuresin the drawing.To begin with, so as to simplify the discussion, analysis ofdrawings of a brick masonry storehouse which stood withinthe same premises will be attempted.In figure 2, it can be noted that the centerline formeasurements is aligned with the outer perimeter of thebrick walls and are written down to the unit of bu , as infigure 1. The longitudinal measurement is 40.14 (40 shaku1 sun 4 bu ) and the span is 21.03 (20 shaku 3 bu ). (Note:尺shaku =303mm,寸sun = 1/10 shaku =30.3mm,分bu =1/10sun =3mm, and so on)On the other hand, brick manufacturing in the late Meijiera had developed to a stage in which mass stock productionof standardized bricks was possible. The size of a standardunit called“Tokyo-style”was 7 sun 5 bu×3 sun 6 bu×2sun (figure 3). Joints employing such materials as mortar,to attach brick units onto one another, are necessary forlaying bricks. The standard width of joints then seemsto have been 3 bu (approximately 9mm) or 2 bu 5 rin(approximately 7mm) ; pointing employed in the brickmasonry structure at the Former Brewery Testing Facilitiesis 3 bu . The module for Tokyo-style bricks is a brick widthof 3 sun 6 bu plus the pointing width of 3 bu , totaling 3 sun9 bu (= 0.39 shaku ) (figure 4). Using this measurement, 103units laid out regularly equal 40.17 shaku . The longitudinalmeasurement of the building refers to the outer perimeterand by subtracting the width of one vertical unit of pointing(0.03 shaku ), the figure of 40.14 is acquired. Likewise in thedirection of the span, subtracting the width of one verticalunit of pointing (0.03 shaku ) from 54 module units (21.06shaku ) results in 21.03 shaku .It can be gathered that the complicated steps taken fordetermining the building measurements resulted from thelack of close communication among the brick manufacturer,building designer, together with the contractor.Going back to the topic of mo , let’s look into the meaningof the word.From the measurement provided in the drawing as thewall thickness, calculations for the module employed inthis masonry will be explained. The brick is of Tokyo-style(measuring 7 sun 5 bu×3 sun 6 bu×2 sun ) and thepointing of 3 bu width (approximately 9mm). In the floorplan (figure 1), interior measurements and wall thicknessesare given. The thickness given for the lower structural planeis 2.7 and those of other walls including interior partitionsare 2.31, 1.92, and 1.53.Wall thickness is generally referred to by the number ofbrick unit lengths and is described in writing, for example,as“1・1/2B.”However, in the floor plan of figure 1, ameasurement is given, which cannot be determined only bya brick unit, but by a combination of brick units and widthsof vertical pointing.Here, the formula for wall thickness can be written asfollows when L=brick length, jv=width of vertical pointing,and L=length of brick.Wall thickness = n(L+jv)－jvN is the number of brick length in the wall thickness.When the brick size is set to be of Tokyo-style (7 sun 5 bu×3 sun 6 bu×2 sun ) and the joint width is 3 bu width(approximately 9mm), the wall thickness can be calculatedas follows:Wall thickness = n(7.5+0.3)－0.3＝7.8n－0.3By employing this formula, when a wall is to be threeand-a-halfbricks thick, the wall thickness will be 2 shaku 7sun (818mm), in the same manner a three-brick wall will be2 shaku 3 sun 1 bu (700mm), 2 and a half bricks will be 1shaku 9 sun 2 bu (582mm), 2 bricks will be 1 shaku 5 sun3 bu (464mm) and so on. These measurements match thefigures in the detailed drawing. As a result, it was confirmedthat planning of the dimensions of the Sake Brewing Factory,at least regarding wall thickness, was calculated based onTokyo-style brick unit (length and depth) together with the13